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|common_name = Niger |image_flag = Flag of Niger.svg |image_coat = Coat of Arms of Niger.svg |symbol_width = 125px |image_map = Location Niger AU Africa.svg |map_caption = |image_map2 = Niger - Location Map (2011) - NER - UNOCHA.svg |national_motto = |national_anthem = ''La Nigérienne'' |official_languages = French |languages_type = National languages |languages = |demonym = Nigerien or |capital = Niamey |latd=13 |latm=32 |latNS=N |longd=2 |longm=05 |longEW=E |largest_city = Niamey |government_type = Unitary semi-presidential republic |leader_title1 = President |leader_name1 = Mahamadou Issoufou |leader_title2 = Prime Minister |leader_name2 = Brigi Rafini |legislature = National Assembly |area_rank = 22nd |area_magnitude = 1 E12 |area_km2 = 1,267,000 |area_sq_mi = 489,678 |percent_water = 0.02 |population_estimate_rank = 63rd |population_estimate_year = Dec 2012 |population_census = 17,138,707 |population_census_year = 2012 |population_density_km2 = 12.1 |population_density_sq_mi = 31.2 |population_density_rank = |GDP_PPP = $11.632 billion〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Niger )〕 |GDP_PPP_rank = |GDP_PPP_year = 2011 |GDP_PPP_per_capita = $771〔 |GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = |GDP_nominal = $6.022 billion〔 |GDP_nominal_rank = |GDP_nominal_year = 2011 |GDP_nominal_per_capita = $399〔 |GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = |sovereignty_type = Independence |sovereignty_note = from France |established_event1 = Declared |established_date1 = 3 August 1960 |Gini_year = 1995 |Gini_change = |Gini = 50.5 |Gini_ref = |Gini_rank = |HDI_year = 2013 |HDI_change = decrease |HDI = 0.337 |HDI_ref = |HDI_rank = 187th |FSI = 91.2 4.2 |FSI_year = 2007 |FSI_rank = 32nd |FSI_category = Alert |currency = West African CFA franc |currency_code = XOF |country_code = NER |time_zone = WAT |utc_offset = +1 |time_zone_DST = not observed |utc_offset_DST = +1 |drives_on = right〔(Which side of the road do they drive on? ) Brian Lucas. August 2005. Retrieved 28 January 2009.〕 |calling_code = +227 |cctld = .ne |footnote_a = Lowest ranked.}} Niger ( or ;〔(How Do You Pronounce "Niger"? ) from Slate.com, retrieved 4 March 2012〕〔"Niger." ''The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition''. 2003. Houghton Mifflin Company 22 February 2013 http://www.thefreedictionary.com/Niger〕 ), officially the Republic of Niger, is a landlocked country in Western Africa, named after the Niger River. Niger is bordered by Libya to the northeast, Chad to the east, Nigeria and Benin to the south, Burkina Faso and Mali to the west, and Algeria to the northwest. Niger covers a land area of almost 1,270,000 km2, making it the largest country in West Africa, with over 80 percent of its land area covered by the Sahara Desert. The country's predominantly Islamic population of 17,138,707 is mostly clustered in the far south and west of the country. The capital city is Niamey, located in the far-southwest corner of Niger. Niger is a developing country, and is consistently one of the lowest-ranked in the United Nations' Human Development Index (HDI); it was ranked last at 187th for 2013.〔 Much of the non-desert portions of the country are threatened by periodic drought and desertification. The economy is concentrated around subsistence and some export agriculture clustered in the more fertile south, and the export of raw materials, especially uranium ore. Niger faces serious challenges to development due to its landlocked position, desert terrain, high fertility rates and resulting overpopulation without birth control, poor education and poverty of its people, lack of infrastructure, poor health care, and environmental degradation. Nigerien society reflects a diversity drawn from the long independent histories of its several ethnic groups and regions and their relatively short period living in a single state. Historically, what is now Niger has been on the fringes of several large states. Since independence, Nigeriens have lived under five constitutions and three periods of military rule. Following a military coup in 2010, Niger has become a democratic, multi-party state. A majority live in rural areas, and have little access to advanced education. ==History== (詳細はウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Niger」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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